#include<stdio.h>
#include<queue>

#define maxN 1000005

using namespace std;

FILE*f=fopen("huffman.in","r");
FILE*g=fopen("huffman.out","w");

int n,i,j,fr,csize,qsize;
long long value[maxN],Lg; unsigned char lg[maxN];

struct nod{
	nod(nod *lson = NULL,nod *rson = NULL,long long fr = 0, int ind = 0):lson(lson),rson(rson),fr(fr),ind(ind){}
	nod *lson,*rson;
	long long fr;
	int ind;
};

nod *M[2]; queue<nod*>C,Q;

inline void citire () {
	
	fscanf(f,"%d",&n); csize = n;
	
	for ( i = 1 ; i <= n ; ++i ){
		fscanf(f,"%d",&fr);
		C.push(new nod(NULL,NULL,fr,i));
	}
}

void DFS ( nod *p , int niv , long long val ){
	
	if ( p->ind ){
		value[p->ind] = val; lg[p->ind] = niv;
		Lg += (1LL*niv*(p->fr));
		return ;
	}
	
	if ( p->lson != NULL )
		DFS(p->lson,niv+1,val+val);
	if ( p->rson != NULL )
		DFS(p->rson,niv+1,val+val+1);
}

inline void solve () {
	
	for ( i = 1 ; i < n ; ++i ){
		for ( j = 0 ; j < 2 ; ++j ){
			if ( csize && (!qsize || C.front()->fr <= Q.front()->fr) ){
				M[j] = C.front(); C.pop(); --csize;
			}
			else{
				M[j] = Q.front(); Q.pop(); --qsize;
			}
		}
		Q.push( new nod(M[0],M[1],M[0]->fr+M[1]->fr,0) ); ++qsize;
	}
	
	DFS( Q.front() , 0 , 0 );
	
	fprintf(g,"%lld\n",Lg);
	for ( i = 1 ; i <= n ; ++i ){
		fprintf(g,"%d ",lg[i]);
		fprintf(g,"%lld\n",value[i]);
	}
}

int main () {
	
	citire();
	solve();
	
	fclose(f);
	fclose(g);
	
	return 0;
}