Cod sursa(job #418728)
#include <cstdio>
using namespace std;
#define nmax 100002
FILE *f=fopen("lca.in","r");
FILE *g=fopen("lca.out","w");
int n,m;
int RMQ[20][4*nmax],log[nmax];
int p[nmax];
bool viz[nmax];
int Eu[4*nmax],k,lv[4*nmax];
struct graf
{
graf *urm;
int x;
} *G[nmax];
void add(graf *&g,int x)
{
graf *p=new graf;
p->x=x;
p->urm=g;
g=p;
}
inline int min(int x,int y)
{
if(x<y) return x;
return y;
}
inline int max(int x,int y)
{
if(x>y) return x;
return y;
}
void dfs(int x,int l)
{
viz[x]=true;
Eu[++k]=x;
lv[k]=l;
//RMQ[0][k]=k;
//if(!p[x])
p[x]=k;
for(graf *p=G[x];p!=NULL;p=p->urm)
{
/*if(!viz[p->x])
{*/
dfs(p->x,l+1);
Eu[++k]=x;
lv[k]=l;
// }
}
}
void rmq()
{
int i,j;
for(i=2;i<=k;i++) {log[i]=log[i/2]+1;RMQ[0][i]=i;}
RMQ[0][1]=1;
for(i=1;(1<<i)<=k;i++)
for(j=1;j+(1<<i)-1<=k;j++)
{
if(lv[RMQ[i-1][j]]<lv[RMQ[i-1][j+(1<<(i-1))]])
RMQ[i][j]=RMQ[i-1][j];
else
RMQ[i][j]=RMQ[i-1][j+(1<<(i-1))];
}
}
int query(int x,int y)
{
int l,d;
d=y-x+1;
l=log[d];
if(lv[RMQ[l][x]]<lv[RMQ[l][x+(d-(1<<l))]])
return Eu[RMQ[l][x]];
else
return Eu[RMQ[l][x+(d-(1<<l))]];
}
int main()
{
int i,x,y;
fscanf(f,"%d %d",&n,&m);
for(i=2;i<=n;i++)
{
fscanf(f,"%d",&x);
add(G[x],i);
}
dfs(1,0);
rmq();
for(i=1;i<=m;i++)
{
fscanf(f,"%d %d",&x,&y);
fprintf(g,"%d\n",query(min(p[x],p[y]),max(p[x],p[y])));
}
return 0;
}