#include <fstream>
#include <queue>

using std::queue;
using std::ios_base;

typedef long long ll;

const int NMAX = 1000000;

struct nodes{
    int st;
    int dr;
};

struct codes{
    int depth;
    ll code;
};

std::ifstream fin("huffman.in");
std::ofstream fout("huffman.out");

nodes next[5 + 2 * NMAX];

codes ans[5 + 2 * NMAX];

queue<int> Q_init, Q;

ll v[5 + 2 * NMAX];

ll r;

int getMinim()
{
    int ans;
    if(Q_init.empty())
    {
        ans = Q.front();
        Q.pop();
        return ans;
    }
    if(Q.empty())
    {
        ans = Q_init.front();
        Q_init.pop();
        return ans;
    }
    if(v[Q.front()] <= v[Q_init.front()])
    {
        ans = Q.front();
        Q.pop();
    }
    else
    {
        ans = Q_init.front();
        Q_init.pop();
    }
    return ans;
}

void createNode(int u, int y, int nou)
{
    v[nou] = v[u] + v[y];
    Q.push(nou);
    r = r + v[nou];
    next[nou].st = u;
    next[nou].dr = y;
}

void huffman(int root)
{
    if(next[root].st == -1)
        return;
    ans[next[root].st].depth = ans[root].depth + 1;
    ans[next[root].dr].depth = ans[root].depth + 1;
    ans[next[root].st].code = (1LL * ans[root].code * 2);
    ans[next[root].dr].code = (1LL * ans[root].code * 2) + 1;
    huffman(next[root].st);
    huffman(next[root].dr);
}

int main()
{
    ios_base::sync_with_stdio(false);
    fin.tie(NULL);

    int n,i,x,y,aux;
    fin >> n;
    aux = n;
    for(i = 1; i <= n; i++)
    {
        fin >> v[i];
        next[i].st = next[i].dr = -1;
        Q_init.push(i);
    }
    while(Q_init.size() + Q.size() > 1)
    {
        x = getMinim();
        y = getMinim();
        createNode(x, y, ++n);
    }
    fout << r << "\n";
    huffman(n);
    for(i = 1; i <= aux; i++)
        fout << ans[i].depth << " " << ans[i].code << "\n";
    return 0;
}