#include<cstdio>
using namespace std ;

int tst ;

int p, b ;

int main()
{

    freopen("fructe.in", "r", stdin);
    freopen("fructe.out", "w", stdout);

    scanf("%d", &tst);

    while( tst-- )
    {
        scanf("%d%d", &p, &b);

        printf("%d\n", b % 2);
    }

    return 0 ;

}