#include<stdio.h>
FILE*A,*B;
 long long unsigned a,b,c;
 int i;
 int main()
 {
	 A=fopen("fructe.in","r");
	 B=fopen("fructe.out","w");
	  fscanf(A,"%llu",&c);
	  for(i=1;i<=c;i++){
	 fscanf(A,"%llu%llu",&a,&b);
	 if(b%2==0)fprintf(B,"0\n");
	 else fprintf(B,"1\n");}
	 fclose(A);fclose(B);
 }