using namespace std;
#include<cstdio>
int main ()
{
	freopen("fructe.in","r",stdin);
	freopen("fructe.out","w",stdout);
	int P,B,T,i;
	scanf("%d",&T);
	
	    for(i=1;i<=T;i++)
		{	scanf("%d%d",&P,&B);
		if(B%2==0)
		    printf("0\n");
        else 
            printf("1\n");
		}
return 0;
}