#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <string.h>
#include <math.h>

#define FISIN   "fructe.in"
#define FISOUT  "fructe.out"

int main() {
  FILE *fin = fopen(FISIN, "rt");
  FILE *fout = fopen(FISOUT, "wt");

  int t, p, b;
  fscanf(fin, "%d", &t);
  for (; t; --t) {
    fscanf(fin, "%d %d", &p, &b);
    fprintf(fout, "%d\n", (b & 1));
  }

  fclose(fout);
  fclose(fin);
  return 0;
}