#include<stdio.h>

int sum,t,n,a,b,x,m;



int sol(int n)
{
	if(n>0) return 1;
	return 0;
}
void read()
{
 
	scanf("%d %d %d",&n,&a,&b);
	sum=0;
	for(int i=1;i<=n;i++)
	{
		scanf("%d",&m);
		sum^=m;
		for(int i=1;i<=m;i++)
			scanf("%d %d",&a,&b);
	}
}


int main()
{
	freopen("xerox.in","r",stdin);
	freopen("xerox.out","w",stdout);
	scanf("%d",&t);
	for(int i=1;i<=t;i++)
		printf("%d\n",sum);
}