# include <fstream>
using namespace std;
int t, p, b, r;

int main ()
{
	ifstream fin ("fructe.in");
	ofstream fout ("fructe.out");
	fin>>t;
	for(;t--;)
	{
		fin>>p>>b;
		if (b%2==1)fout<<"1\n";
		else fout<<"0\n";
	}
	return 0;
}