#include<stdio.h>
FILE*f=fopen("fructe.in","r");
FILE*g=fopen("fructe.out","w");
int p,b,i,T;
int main () {
	
	fscanf(f,"%d",&T);
	for ( i = 1 ; i <= T; ++i){
		fscanf(f,"%d %d",&p,&b);
		
		if ( b%2 == 0 )
			fprintf(g,"0\n");
		else
			fprintf(g,"1\n");
	}
	fclose(f);
	fclose(g);
	return 0;
}