#include<stdio.h>
int main()
{
    freopen("fructe.in","r",stdin);
    freopen("fructe.out","w",stdout);
    int p,b,t,i;
    scanf("%d",&t);
    for(i=1;i<=t;i++){
        scanf("%d%d",&p,&b);
        if(b%2==0){
            printf("0\n");
        }else{
            printf("1\n");
        }
    }
    return 0;
}