#include "stdio.h"

int main()
{
	int t,i,p,b;
	FILE *in, *out;
	if((in = fopen("fructe.in", "r"))==NULL)
		return -1;
	if((out = fopen("fructe.out", "w"))==NULL)
		return -1;
	fscanf(in, "%d\n", &t);
	
	for(i=1;i<=t;i++)
	{
		fscanf(in, "%d %d\n", &p, &b);
		if(b%2==0)
			fprintf(out, "0\n");
		else
			fprintf(out, "1\n");
	}
	fclose(in);
	fclose(out);
	return 0;
}