#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>

int main()
{
    FILE *fin,*fout;
    fin = fopen("fructe.in", "r");
    int b,p,i,n;
    fscanf(fin, "%d", &n);
    fout = fopen("fructe.out", "w");
    for(i = 1; i <= n; i++){
        fscanf(fin, "%d%d", &p, &b);
        fprintf(fout, "%d\n", b % 2);
    }
       fclose(fin);
       fclose(fout);
    return 0;
}