#include<fstream>
#include<cmath>
using namespace std;
ifstream cin("progresie.in");
ofstream cout("progresie.out");
int main()
{
    short t;
    for(cin>>t;t--;) {
        short n;
        int r;
        cin>>n>>r;
        bool o=1;
        for(int i=1;o;) {
            int j=1;
            long long v=1LL*i*(i-1)+1;
            for(long long e=i-1;j<n;++j) {
                long long l=v+1LL*j*r,b=sqrt(l-1)+1,x=1LL*b*(b-1)+1,y=1LL*b*b;
                if(l<x?v+=x-l,e+=l-x:e=min(e,y-l),l+e<x)
                    break;
            }
            j==n?cout<<v<<'\n',o=0:++i;
        }
    }
    return 0;
}