#include<stdio.h>
int main()
{
freopen("fructe.in","r",stdin);
freopen("fructe.out","w",stdout);
int T,a,b;
scanf("%d",&T);
for(int i=1;i<=T;++i)
{
scanf("%d%d",&a,&b);
if(b%2==0)
printf("0\n");
else
printf("1\n");
}
return 0;
}