#include <fstream>
#include <queue>
#include <vector>

#define NMAX 100010

#define NOTVISITED -1


std::vector<int> adj[NMAX];
int dist[NMAX];


void bfs(int source, std::vector<int> adj[], int n, int dist[])
{
    std::queue<int> q;

    for (int i = 0; i < n; ++i)
        dist[i] = -1;

    dist[source] = 0;

    q.push(source);

    while (!q.empty()) {
        auto node = q.front();
        q.pop();

        for (auto neigh : adj[node]) {
            if (dist[neigh] == -1) {
                dist[neigh] = dist[node] + 1;
                q.push(neigh);
            }
        }
    }
}

int main()
{
    std::ifstream fin("bfs.in");
    std::ofstream fout("bfs.out");

    int n, m, source;


    fin >> n >> m >> source;

    --source;

    for (int v, w, i = 0; i < m; ++i) {
        fin >> v >> w;
        adj[v - 1].push_back(w - 1);
    }


    bfs(source, adj, n, dist);


    for (int i = 0; i < n; ++i)
        fout << dist[i] << ' ';

    fout << '\n';

    fin.close();
    fout.close();

    return 0;
}