#include <stdio.h>
#define InFile "fructe.in"
#define OutFile "fructe.out"

int t, p, b;

int main()
{
  int i;
  FILE *fin=fopen (InFile, "r");
  FILE *fout=fopen (OutFile, "w");
  fscanf (fin, "%d\n", &t);
  for (i=0; i<t; i++)
  {
    fscanf (fin, "%d %d\n", &p, &b);
    if (b%2==0)
      fprintf (fout, "0\n");
    else
      fprintf (fout, "1\n");
  }
  fclose (fout);
  return 0;
}