#include <stdio.h>

int t, i;
long p, b;



int main()
{
  freopen("fructe.in" , "r" , stdin);
  freopen("fructe.out" , "w" , stdout);
   scanf("%d\n" , &t);
     for(i = 1 ; i <= t ; i++)
      {
	scanf("%ld%ld" , &p , &b);
	  if(b%2 == 1)
	    printf("1\n");
	  else
	    printf("0\n");
      }
   fclose(stdin);
   fclose(stdout);
 return 0;
}