#include<stdio.h>

int t;
long long b,p;

int main()
{   freopen("fructe.in","r",stdin);
    freopen("fructe.out","w",stdout);
    scanf("%d",&t);
    for(int i=1;i<=t;i++)
    {     scanf("%lld%lld",&p,&b);
          if(b%2==0) printf("0\n");
             else printf("1\n");
    }
    fclose(stdin);
    fclose(stdout);
    return 0;
}