#include <bits/stdc++.h>
using namespace std;

int main() {
	ifstream f("xerox.in");
	ofstream g("xerox.out");
	
	int t; f >> t;
	for(int cas=1; cas<=t; cas++) {
		int n, useless1, useless2; f >> n >> useless1 >> useless2;
		int rez = 0;
		for(int i=1; i<=n; i++) {
			int m; f >> m;
			rez ^= m;
			for(int j=1; j<=m; j++) {
				int useless3, useless4; f >> useless3 >> useless4;
			}
		}
		g << rez << "\n";
	}
	return 0;
}