#include <bits/stdc++.h>
using namespace std;
ifstream in("progresie.in");
ofstream out("progresie.out");
typedef long long ll;
ll tst,n,r;
bool inside(ll x) {
    ll rad=sqrt(x);
    if(x==rad*rad)
        return true;
    ++rad;
    return ((rad-1)*rad+1<=x and x<=rad*rad);
}
void solve() {
    for(ll k=1;; ++k){
        //for(ll i=k*(k-1)+1; i<=k*k; ++i) {
            ll i=k*(k-1)+1;
            ll j;
            for(j=1; j<n; ++j)
                if(!inside(i+j*r))
                    break;
            if(j==n) {
                out<<i<<'\n';
                return ;
            }
        //}
    }
}
int main() {
    in>>tst;
    while(tst--) {
        in>>n>>r;
        solve();
    }
    return 0;
}