#include<stdio.h>
#define fin "fructe.in"
#define fout "fructe.out"
#define line printf("\n")

unsigned int t;
unsigned long p, b;

int main(void)
{
 freopen(fin,"r",stdin);
 freopen(fout,"w",stdout);

 scanf("%d", &t);

 for(register int i=1;i<=t;i++)
  {
   scanf("%ld %ld", &p, &b);
   if( b%2 == 0)
    printf("%d\n",0);
   else
    printf("%d\n",1);
  }

  return 0;
}