#include <iostream>
#include <fstream>

using namespace std;

int main()
{
    ifstream fin("fructe.in");
    ofstream fout("fructe.out");
    int n,nrp,nrb;
    fin>>n;
    for(int i=1;i<=n;i++)
    {
        fin>>nrp>>nrb;
        if((nrb%2)==0)
            fout<<"0"<<endl;
        else
            fout<<"1"<<endl;
    }
    return 0;
}