#include <stdio.h>
#include <vector>
#include <algorithm>
#include <math.h>
 
using namespace std;
 
int main() {
	freopen("fructe.in", "r", stdin);
	freopen("fructe.out", "w", stdout);

	int t;
	scanf("%d", &t);

	for (int i = 0; i < t; ++i) {
		int p, b;
		scanf("%d %d", &p, &b);
		printf("%d\n", b % 2);
	}

	return 0;
}