#include <stdio.h>
int main()
{
	int t,i,p,b;
	freopen("fructe.in","r",stdin);
	freopen("fructe.out","w",stdout);
	scanf("%d",&t);
	for (i=1; i<=t; i++)
	{
		scanf("%d%d",&p,&b);
		if (b%2)
			printf("1\n");
		else printf("0\n");
	}
}