#include<fstream>
using namespace std;
ifstream fin("fructe.in");
ofstream fout("fructe.out");
int i,t,a,b,k;
int main(){
    fin>>t;
    for(i=1;i<=t;i++){
        fin>>a>>b;
        k=b%2;
        fout<<k<<"\n";
    }
    return 0;
}