#include<fstream>
using namespace std;
ifstream fin("fructe.in");
ofstream fout("fructe.out");

int T,P,B;

int main()
{
    fin>>T;

    while(T--)
    {
        fin>>P>>B;
        fout<<B%2<<"\n";
    }

    fin.close();
    fout.close();
    return 0;
}