#include <fstream>

using namespace std;
 
ifstream cin("fructe.in");
ofstream cout("fructe.out");
 
int t,p,b;
 
int main(){
    cin>>t;
    for(int i=1; i<=t; i++){
        cin>>p>>b;
        if(b%2!=0) cout<<1<<'\n';
        else cout<<0<<'\n';
    }
    return 0;
}