#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>

int main(){
    int t, p, b;
    FILE*fi,*fo;
    fi=fopen("fructe.in","r");
    fo=fopen("fructe.out","w");
    fscanf(fi,"%d", &t);
    for(int i=0;i<t;i++){
        fscanf(fi,"%d%d", &p, &b);
        fprintf(fo,"%d\n", b%2);
    }
    fclose(fi);
    fclose(fo);
    return 0;
}