#include <stdio.h>

int t, p, b;

int main()
{
    freopen("fructe.in", "r", stdin);
    freopen("fructe.out", "w", stdout);
    scanf("%d", &t);
    while ( t ) 
    {
        scanf("%d %d", &p, &b);
        if ( b % 2 == 1 ) printf("1\n");
        else              printf("0\n");
        t--;
    }
    
    return 0;
}