#include<stdio.h>
long t, b, p;

void solve()
{
     int i;
     freopen("fructe.in","r",stdin);
     freopen("frcute.out","w",stdout);
     scanf("%d", &t);
     for(i=1; i<=t; ++i)
     {
        scanf("%d%d", &p, &b);
        if(b%2==1)
           printf("1\n");
        else
           printf("0\n");
     }
}

int main()
{
    solve();
    return 0;
}