#include <iostream>
#include <fstream>
using namespace std;
int main()

{int t,i;
long long p,b;
fstream f("fructe.in",ios::in);
fstream g("fructe.out",ios::out);

f>>t;
for(i=1;i<=t;i++)
{
    f>>p>>b;
    if(b%2==0)
        g<<0<<'\n';
    else
        g<<1<<'\n';

}



}