#include <iostream>
#include <fstream>
using namespace std;
ifstream f("fructe.in");
ofstream g("fructe.out");
int main()
{
   int t;
   f >> t;
   long p,b;
    for (int i = 1; i <= t; i++)
    {
        f >> p >> b;
        if (b%2 == 0) g<<0;
        else g << 1;
        g << "\n";

    }
    return 0;
}