#include <stdio.h>
int main(){
	int i,t;
	long long b,p;
	freopen("fructe.in","r",stdin);
	freopen("fructe.out","w",stdout);
	scanf("%d",&t);
	for (i=1;i<=t;++i){
		scanf("%d%d",&p,&b);
		if (b%2==1)
			printf("1\n");
		else 
			printf("0\n");
	}
	return 0;
}