#define _CRT_SECURE_NO_WARNINGS
#include <iostream>
#include <vector>
#include <queue>

using namespace std;

int main() {

	freopen("bfs.in", "r", stdin);
	freopen("bfs.out", "w", stdout);

	int n, m, s;
	scanf("%i%i%i", &n, &m, &s);
	s--;

	int *distance = new int[n];
	bool *visited = new bool[n];
	vector<int>* vecini = new vector<int>[n];
	for (int i = 0; i < m; i++) {
		int x, y;
		scanf("%i%i", &x, &y);
		x--;
		y--;
		vecini[x].push_back(y);
	}

	queue<int> q;
	q.push(s);
	visited[s] = true;
	distance[s] = 0;

	while (!q.empty()) {
		int current = q.front();
		q.pop();
		for (int i = 0; i < vecini[current].size(); i++) {
			int vecin = vecini[current][i];
			if (!visited[vecin]) {
				visited[vecin] = true;
				distance[vecin] = distance[current] + 1;
				q.push(vecin);
			}
		}
	}

	for (int i = 0; i < n; i++) {
		printf("%i ", distance[i]);
	}

	fclose(stdin);
	fclose(stdout);
	return 0;
}