#include<cstdio>
using namespace std;

int T, a, b;

int main()
    {
        freopen("fructe.in","r",stdin);
        freopen("fructe.out","w",stdout);

        scanf("%d", &T);

        for ( ; T; T--)
            {
                scanf("%d%d", &a, &b);
                printf("%d\n", b % 2);
            }
    }