program NOD_SOFTWARE;
var a,b:longint;
    t,i,j:integer;
    fin,fout:text;
{*-----------------------------*}

{*-------------MAIN------------*}
begin
     assign(fin,'fructe.in'); reset(fin);
     assign(fout,'fructe.out'); rewrite(fout);
     readln(fin,t);
     for i:=1 to t do
     begin
          readln(fin,a,b);
          if b mod 2 = 1 then writeln(fout,1)
          else writeln(fout,0);
     end;
     close(fin);
     close(fout);
end.