#include <fstream>

using namespace std;
ifstream in("fructe.in");
ofstream out("fructe.out");
int main()
{int a,b,t,i;
in>>t;
for(i=1;i<=t;i++)
{
    in>>a>>b;
    if(b%2==0)
        out<<0;
    else
        out<<1;
        out<<endl;
}

    return 0;
}