#include <cstdio>
using namespace std;
int main()
{
    freopen("fructe.in","r",stdin);
    freopen("fructe.out","w",stdout);
    int t;
    scanf("%d",&t);
    int i,a,b;
    for(i=1;i<=t;i++)
    {
        scanf("%d%d",&a,&b);
        if(b%2==1)
            printf("1\n");
            else
                printf("0\n");
    }
    return 0;
}