#include <stdio.h>

using namespace std;

int main()
{
    freopen("fructe.in","r",stdin);
    freopen("fructe.out","w",stdout);
    int t,b,p;
    scanf("%d", &t);
    for (int i=1; i<=t; i++)
    {
        scanf("%d%d", &p, &b);
        if (b%2==0)
            printf("0\n");
        else
            printf("1\n");
    }
    fclose(stdin);
    fclose(stdout);
    return 0;
}