#include <stdio.h>

int main()
{
	int r,a,t,b;
	
	FILE *in  = fopen("fructe.in","r");
	FILE *out = fopen("fructe.out","w");
	
	fscanf(in,"%d",&t);
	for (r=0; r<t; r++)
	{
		fscanf(in,"%d%d",&a,&b);
		fprintf(out,"%d\n",b%2);	
	}
	
	fclose(in);
	fclose(out);
	
	return 0;
}