#include <stdio.h>

#define input "fructe.in"
#define output "fructe.out"

int main()
{
    freopen(input, "r", stdin);
    freopen(output,"w", stdout);

    long T, P, B;
    
    scanf("%ld", &T);
    
    while(T)
    {
            scanf("%ld%ld", &P, &B);
            
            printf("%ld\n", B%2);  
            
            -- T;    
    }
    
    return 0;
}