#include <stdio.h>
int main()
{
	int t,i;
	long p=0,b=0;
	freopen("fructe.in","r",stdin);
	freopen("fructe.out","w",stdout);
	scanf("%d",&t);
	for (i=1;i<=t;i++)
	{
		scanf("%ld %ld",&p,&b);
		printf("%d\n",b%2);
	}
	return 0;
}