#include<stdio.h>
int t,b,p;
int main()
{freopen("fructe.in","r",stdin);
 freopen("fructe.out","w",stdout);
 scanf("%d",&t);
 for(;t;t--)
 {scanf("%d %d",&p,&b);
  if(b%2) printf("1\n");
  else printf("0\n");}
 fclose(stdout);
 return 0;}