#include <stdio.h>

long t, p, b, x;

int main()
{
	freopen("fructe.in","r",stdin);
	freopen("fructe.out","w",stdout);
	scanf("%ld", &t);
	while (t--)
	{
		scanf("%ld %ld",&p, &b);
		printf("%ld\n",b%2);
	}
	return 0;
}