#include<stdio.h>

int main ( )
     {

         freopen ( "fructe.in" , "r" , stdin ) ;
         freopen ( "fructe.out" , "w" , stdout ) ;

         int T , i ;
         long P , B ;

         scanf ( "%d" , & T ) ;

         for ( i = 1 ; i <= T ; i ++ )
            {

                scanf ( "%ld%ld" , & P , & B ) ;

                if ( B % 2 )
                   printf ( "1\n" ) ;
                else
                   printf ( "0\n" ) ;

            }


         return 0 ;

     }