#include<cstdio>

using namespace std;

int t,i,p,b;

int main ()
 {
    freopen("fructe.in","r",stdin);
    freopen("fructe.out","w",stdout);
	scanf("%d",&t);
	for (i=1 ;i<=t;++i)
	{   scanf("%d %d",&p,&b);
		if (b%2==0)
			printf("0\n");
		else
			printf("1\n");
	}
	return 0;
}