#include <iostream>
#include <fstream>

using namespace std;

ifstream f ("fructe.in");
ofstream g ("fructe.out");

void rezolva() {
    int p, b;
    f >> p >> b;
    g << b % 2 << '\n';
}

int main () {
    int t;
    f >> t;
    for (int i = 1; i <= t; i++) rezolva();
    return 0;
}