#include    <fstream>

using namespace std;

ifstream fin("fructe.in"); 
ofstream fout("fructe.out");

int T, P, B;

void read()
{
    fin >> T;
    for(int i = 0; i < T; i++)
    {
        fin >> P >> B;
        if(!(B % 2))
            fout << "0 \n";
        else fout << "1 \n";
    }
}

int main()
{
    read();
    return 0;
}