#include<cstdio>
using namespace std;
int T,P,B;
int main()
{
	freopen("fructe.in","r",stdin);
	freopen("fructe.out","w",stdout);
	scanf("%d",&T);
	while(T--)
	{
		scanf("%d%d",&P,&B);
		if(B&1 == 0)
			printf("0\n");
		else
			printf("1\n");
	}
	return 0;
}